Can the ArcGIS application run in an HPC cluster environment?

Can ArcGIS be used in a cluster environment? If yes - what features are available? For example, can it work as a desktop application?

  1. All ArcGIS products run in windows environments. Many applications can be run headless through python.
  2. ArcGIS ESRI products for desktop users (e.g., ArcGIS Pro) are set up for parallel processing on a single machine, and don’t scale well to a cluster environment.
  3. ArcGIS Enterprise is the only product made to operate within a cluster environment.
  4. QGIS is an opensource alternative with most of the same features, which will run in non-windows environments.
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Can you clarify which specific application/software in the ArcGIS you want to put on HPC? I assume this will be standard Linux HPC cluster? I heard recently from GIS personnel on campus that they (ESRI, the ArcGIS software maker) would not even bother providing software for MacOS X; so it is probably quite safe to assume that Linux support will also be zero.